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HIP BONE Coxal Bone / Innominate Bone

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 HIP BONE Coxal Bone / Innominate Bone FEATURES •        The  hip bone is a large flat  bone , constricted in the center and expanded above and below. In some vertebrates (including humans before puberty) •        It is composed of three parts: the ilium, ischium, and the pubis •        At birth, these three components are separated by  hyaline cartilage . •        The three separate bones are join by cartilage at the acetabulum •        At puberty, these three bones are join together to form one large , irregular bone •        Hip bone articulate with the sacrum at the sacroilliac joints and form the anteriolateral wall of the pelvis   •        It form pelvic gardle •        It is homologous with scapula •        During development they are seperated from each other by the triradiate cartilage •        Pubic tubercle provide attachment for inguinal ligament and adductor longus •        Hole in the hip bone is the obturator foraman ACETABULUM •        It is the socket of h
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DORSUM OF FOOT

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 DORSUM OF FOOT •        The muscles of the dorsum of the foot are a group of two muscles, which together represent the dorsal foot musculature.They are named extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis. •        muscles lie within a flat fascia on the dorsum of the foot (fascia dorsalis pedis) and are innervated by the deep fibular or peroneal nerve.   •        Extensor digitorum brevis •        Origins: Superolateral surface of calcaneus bone •        Insertions: Middle phalanges of toes 2-4 •        Innervation: Deep fibular/peroneal nerve (S1, S2) •        Function: Distal interphalangeal joints 2-4: Toe extension •        Extensor hallucis brevis •        Origins: Superolateral surface of calcaneus bone •        Insertions: Proximal phalanx of great toe •        Innervation: Deep fibular/peroneal nerve (S1, S2) •        Function: Metatarsophalangeal joint 1: Toe extension   DORSALIS PEDIS ARTERY •        Origin: It is the direct continuation of the anterio
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ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF LEG

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 ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF LEG NERVE: deep peroneal nerve. This nerve terminates between the big toe and second toe and can be tested at this point. ARTERY: anterior tibial artery is a branch of the popliteal artery. Its terminal branch, the dorsalis pedis, can be palpated on the dorsum of the foot between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones.
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